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Lake
County was founded on February 20, 1855, as Superior
County, though its name was changed on March 3, of that
year to Saint Louis County. On March 1, 1856, Saint
Louis County became Lake County, while Newton County to
the west was renamed Saint Louis County.
Prior
to the arrival of Europeans, the area had long been
inhabited by Native American groups. At the time of
European contact, the principal Native American groups
in the region were the Dakota (Sioux) and Ojibwe (also
called Anishinabe or Chippewa). The economy of these
groups was based on hunting, fishing and gathering, with
wild rice being of particular importance. The first
Europeans to explore the area were the French in the
late 17th century who were followed by trappers, fur
traders, missionaries, and explorers. Beaver Bay was the
first city in Lake County in 1855.
In
1868, iron ore was discovered on the Vermilion Range by
George Stuntz. In 1884, the first shipment of ore left
Agate Bay, marking Minnesota's entry into the iron ore
industry. During the late 1880s, commercial fishing
began on Lake Superior with the coming of Swedish and
Norwegian immigrants to the North Shore. In 1890, the
Merritt brothers discovered the Mesabi Range. The Two
Harbors Lighthouse was built on Agate Bay in 1892. Ten
years later, five Two Harbors businessmen signed the
articles of incorporation for a new mining company named
3M. Today, 3M Corporation has over 70,000 employees
worldwide and produces more than 50,000 adhesive
household products, now has its headquarters in Saint
Paul.
In
1906, the Court House, which stands to this day, was
built. In 1907, one of the nation's first steel ore
docks was built in Two Harbors. In 1944, one of the
first HMOs in the United States was created in Lake
County to serve railroad employees. A second iron ore
boom took place in the 1950s with the development of the
taconite beneficiation process for turning lean,
low-grade iron ore into a shippable product.
The Two Harbors Light is
the oldest operating lighthouse in the US state of
Minnesota. Overlooking Lake Superior's Agate Bay, the
lighthouse is located in Two Harbors, Minnesota. The
construction of the lighthouse began in 1891 and was
completed the following year, with the light being lit
for the first time on April 14, 1892. The first Two
Harbors keeper was Charles Lederle and there were
normally three keepers assigned to make sure the light
was lit every day. The Lighthouse was built to provide
safe passage into the Agate Bay Harbor during the early
20th century, as Two Harbors was a major shipping point
for the iron ore of the Mesabi Range.
The
49.6-foot (15.1 m) tower is made of red brick and the
head keeper's residence is attached, it towers 78 feet
(24 m) from the lake level to the top and in 12 feet
(3.7 m) squared. The walls of the tower were built to be
3 bricks thick and the walls where the tower and house
meet are a full 5 bricks thick. This was for the safety
of the keeper's family. The light has a total of six
structures, a lighthouse tower with attached keeper's
quarters, an assistant keeper's house, a fog signal
building, an oil house, a skiff house and a garage. The
lighthouse was originally equipped with a fourth order
Fresnel lens.
In 1969 the Coast
Guard removed the Fresnel lens and replaced it with a 24
inches (610 mm) DCB-224 aerobeacon which is still used
today. The light shines an average of 17 nautical miles
(31 km; 20 mi). The original lens is now at the Inland
Seas Maritime Museum. The Lake County Historical Society
began to provide tours of the Lighthouse Station in 1988
when it was granted a lease by the U.S. Coast Guard. In
1999 ownership was transferred to the Lake County
Historical Society and the Society assumed
responsibility for the operation of the light in 2001.
While the lighthouse is still on the Light List as
active, it is listed as a private aid to navigation and
is no longer maintained by the Coast Guard.
Cities Beaver
Bay Silver Bay Two Harbors (county
seat) Census-designated
place Finland Other unincorporated
communities Alger Castle
Danger Cramer East Beaver Bay Highland
(Marcy) Illgen City Isabella Knife
River Larsmont Lax Lake Little
Marais McNair Murphy City Sawbill
Landing Section Thirty Silver
Creek Stewart Toimi Wales Unorganized
territories Lake No. 1 Lake No. 2
|
Ghost
towns Avon Avoy Beaver Britton Buell Case Clark Crystal Darby
Junction Drummond Eclfo Emetta Fernburg
Tower Forest
Center Freedom Green Greenwood
Junction Howlett Jordan Kent London Malmota
(Marmata) Maple Marble
Lake Moose Morris Murfin Nigadoo Norshore
Junction North Branch Riblet Scott
Junction Silver Splitrock Stafford Summit Swift Thomas Waldo Wanless Westover Whyte Wolf York
Townships Beaver Bay Township Crystal Bay
Township Fall Lake Township Silver Creek
Township Stony River
Township
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Adjacent
counties Rainy River District, Ontario
(north) Cook
County (east) Ashland County, Wisconsin
(southeast) Bayfield County, Wisconsin
(south) Douglas County, Wisconsin
(south) Saint Louis County (west) |
Lake County
Courthouse |
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